Astro Data Lab

Euclid

Description

The Euclid Early Release Observations (ERO) showcase Euclid's capabilities in advance of its main mission, targeting 17 astronomical objects, from galaxy clusters, nearby galaxies, globular clusters, to star-forming regions observed with both the Visible Camera (VIS) and the Near-Infrared Spectrometer and Photometer (NISP) instruments. A total of 24 hours observing time was allocated in the early months of operation, engaging the scientific community through an early public data release. They report a point spread function (PSF) with a full width at half maximum of 0.''16 in the optical I_E-band, and 0.''19 in the near-infrared (NIR) bands Y_E, J_E, and H_E. The VIS mean absolute flux calibration is accurate to about 1%, and 10% for NISP due to a limited calibration set; both instruments have considerable color terms for individual sources. The median depth is 25.3 and 23.2 AB mag with a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of 10 for galaxies, and 27.1 and 24.5 AB mag at an S/N of 5 for point sources for VIS and NISP, respectively. Euclid's ability to observe diffuse emission is exceptional due to its extended PSF nearly matching a pure diffraction halo, the best ever achieved by a wide-field, high-resolution imaging telescope. Euclid offers unparalleled capabilities for exploring the low-surface brightness (LSB) Universe across all scales, providing high precision within a wide field of view (FoV), and opening a new observational window in the NIR. Median surface-brightness levels of 29.9 and 28.3, AB mag arcsec⁻² are achieved for VIS and NISP, respectively, for detecting a 10'' × 10'' extended feature at the 1σ level.

For more information about Euclid and Euclid ERO, see Cuillandre et al. 2024 or visit the Euclid ERO webpage.

Data Releases

Early Release Observations (ERO)

Astro Data Lab hosts the Euclid ERO source catalogs, organized by the observed field and the instrument used. There are a total of 34 tables in the euclid_ero schema, each described below. Note that unlike other datasets, we did not produce pre-crossmatched tables for this dataset.

Data Access

The Euclid data are accessible through several means:

Data Lab Table Access Protocol (TAP) service

TAP provides a convenient access layer for the Euclid catalog database table. TAP-aware clients (such as TOPCAT) can point to https://datalab.noirlab.edu/tap, select the euclid_ero database, and see the database table and descriptions. You can also view the Euclid tables and descriptions in the Data Lab table browser.

Data Lab Query Client

The Query Client is available as part of the Data Lab software distribution. The Query Client provides a Python API to Data Lab database services. These services include anonymous and authenticated access through synchronous or asynchronous queries of the catalog made directly to the database. Additional Data Lab services for registered users include personal database storage and storage through the Data Lab VOSpace.

The Query Client can be called from a Jupyter Notebook on the Data Lab Notebook server. notebooks are provided to users upon creation of their user account (register here), and are also available to browse on GitHub at https://github.com/astro-datalab/notebooks-latest.